APRIL 25 - A Peloponnesian battle, the birth of a King in England, & death of a Queen in Jerusalem

404 BCE – From 431 to 404 BCE the Peloponnesian War raged between the Delian League, led by Greece, and the Peloponnesian League, led by Sparta. Historians have divided the war into 3 phases, the first being the Archidamian War from 431 to 421 BCE. The second phase began shortly after and ended in 413 BCE. The 3rd and final phase is often known as the Decelean War or the Ionian War. On this day in 404 BCE Spartan Admiral Lysander blockade d Athens while King Pausanias laid siege to the city of Athens, effectively starving the city. This led the Athenians to begin negotiations. After 3 months of negotiations, Lysander agreed to the terms brining and end to the Peloponnesian war. ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Born on this day in 1284 was Edward II, King of England. Also known as Edward of Carnarvon, he was the 4th son of King Edward I (Edward Longshanks). Edward was of the Plantagenet House and ruled from 1307 to 1327 when he was deposed in 1327. In 1300, Edward began accompanying his father on campaigns in Scotland. Following his father's death, Edward Married Isabella of France, daughter of King Philip IV in an effort to resolve tension between the 2 nations. Edward’s reign was marred by controversy, war, money shortages, and famine. In January 1327, Parliament convened at Westminster and agreed that Edward should be removed and replaced by his son. He agreed to this on 21 January. To protect from those who would plot to free Edward he was moved to Berkeley Castle in in April and on 23 September 1327, the new King, Edward III was informed of his father's death at Berkeley Castle. His remains were buried at Gloucester Abbey where it remains now in Gloucester Cathedral. ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Born in 1212, Queen Isabella II of Jerusalem died on this day in 1228. Born Yolande of Brienne, she was the only child of Maria of Montferrat, Queen of Jerusalem and John of Brienne. Maria died shortly after giving birth to her daughter and therefore at only a few days old, Isabella was proclaimed Queen with her father ruling as regent.Isabella’s father arranged her marriage with the Pope to Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor who would only agree to go on crusade if he was the legitimate King of Jerusalem. After her marriage, Isabella was kept in seclusion by her husband in Palermo. In November 1226 she gave birth to a daughter who died in August 1227. Isabella died in Andria, Italy 4 days after giving birth to a son who would go on to rule Jerusalem as Conrad II.

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